It is suggested that genetic reserves intended on preservation of the most valuable gene pool of plant species may be established as botanical nature monuments. Two genetic reserves in populations of Juniperus communis L are recommended for establishment. in the South Urals (in Bashkir Cis-Uralian and Mountain South- Uralian populations). In J. sabina L. presented in the region as single population, two genetic reserves are also proposed (in mountain and in Trans-Uralian steppe parts of population).